For 450 years the Portuguese ruled Goa. Began when Vasco De Gama, an
intrepid Portuguese mariner, discovered the sea route to India and
landed at Calicut in May 1498.
Twelve years later Afonso de Albuquerque, a daring soldier,
conquered Goa. And so began an era of changing fortunes and
attitudes, of splendour and greed, pomp and misery, the tyranny of
conquerors and the compassion of missionaries, the daring of
adventures and the abnegation of martyrs.
The Portuguese did not quite realise four centuries later that they
had overstayed their welcome and that it was time for them to leave
Goa and allow it to be re-united with India. Eventually, they were
ousted from Goa, after an armed action ordered by the Government of
India, on 19th December 1961. Tourist influx started in Goa in the
60s and 70s of 20th century with hippies, the spoiled children of
western materialism. Behind them came the explorers, and at the end
the mass tourist traffic. With opening of Goan skies for chartered
flights, number of holidayers increased exponentially in the 1980
and 90 and growth in numbers is still continued. In 1987, Goa was
conferred statehood and Daman and Diu was made a separate union
territory.Goa Culture : In spite of remaining under Portuguese control for so long, majority
of the people in Goa are still Hindu. Though, strong catholic
influences are visible everywhere in the art, culture, and society.
The demography of the state started changing after the coming of the
Portuguese in the 15th century due to the spirit of propagating
Catholicism they brought with them.
Goa Art & Culture : Goa is a land of crafts and craftsmen, where aesthetic quality finds
a natural expression. Goa has a rich and magnificent tradition of
the classical arts. Over the years, Goans have excelled in poetry,
music and the fine arts. The exquisitely carved rosewood and teak
furniture, the terracotta
figurines, the classic brass items and the
unique gold jewellery designs all speak of an age still valuable in
this technology obsessed world.
The folk paintings of Goa have been traced to different places from
ancient temples, churches and palatial manors to humble households.
They mostly depict episodes from the epics - the Mahabharata and the
Ramayana and the Puranas and also scenes from the New Testament.
During the Portuguese colonisation, local craftsmen played a major
role in the development of the exquisite furnishings and decorations
used in residential houses, churches and chapels. This art can still
be seen the Christian Art Museum at Old Goa.
Goans have contributed greatly to the world of music. Many famous
names on the Indian music scene originate from Goa. Famous singers
such as Lata Mangueshkar and Kishori Amonkar in the classical
variety and Remo Fernandes in pop music, are from Goa.
Goa Music and Dance : Goa is often admired as a nest of singing birds. The tiny land of
Goa speaks with the pleasing and harmonious note of varied music and
melody. Music is part of life at Goa. Through out the year, Ghumat
and Violin are at their forefront to be part of every gala event.
Every Goan folk music has a lively rhythmic vitality. The music has
devotional as well as profane overtones. Goan music stands apart
from the music of other regions in India because of its peculiar
blend of Western and
Indian traditions. The taste of the west can be found in the music
of
Goa too. The music and dance of Goa are a rich cultural blend of
the West with the East. The fine blend of Indian classical and
western music has discovered many different forms of music. Each
occasion and region has its distinctive forms. The urban areas have
adapted to modern and popular music styles.
Goa folk dances bear a tradition of thousands of years,
characterized by innumerable forms performed by and reflecting
lifestyles, cultures and aspirations of different strata, religions
and castes of Goan society. Women perform a number of the
traditional dances like Dekni - a rare blend of traditional and
modern music. Fugdi and Dhalo are the most common folk dances of
Goa. The Kunbi is a tribal folk dance. Women holding lamps on their
heads perform the lamp dance during Shigmo festival. Morulem is
another traditional folk dance presented by the backward community
during Shigmo. The Zagor is a folk play presented in different
villages of Goa by the Gawda community. The Dhangar, performed
during Navratri, is a vigorous session of worship and dance. Mando
is a love song which represents the mingling of Indian and western
tradition. |